Time：2024-12-28Views：2
The pumping station on the eastern route lifts water, while the giant trough on the central route transports water. The first phase of the South to North Water Diversion Project, with a total length of 2899 kilometers, is like two giant dragons, crossing the four major river basins of the Yangtze River, Huai River, Yellow River, and Haihe River, passing through seven provinces of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Shandong, and Anhui, and delivering South water to the north.
The South to North Water Diversion Project is a major national event, a project of the century, and a popular project. General Secretary Xi Jinping has visited the site of the South to North Water Diversion Project multiple times, personally presided over the symposium on promoting the high-quality development of the follow-up projects of the South to North Water Diversion Project, and delivered important speeches. He has made important instructions and directives at key nodes, emphasizing that "the South to North Water Diversion Project is related to the overall strategy, long-term development, and people's well-being." "The South to North Water Diversion Project is a major strategic infrastructure that benefits both the present and future generations
On December 12th, the first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project celebrated its 10th anniversary of comprehensive water supply. Over the past decade, the world's largest water diversion project has become a lifeline for optimizing water resource allocation, ensuring the safety of drinking water for the public, reviving the ecological environment of rivers and lakes, and promoting smooth economic circulation between the north and south.
Optimize water resource allocation: transfer over 76.7 billion cubic meters of water
In winter, deep in the mountains of western Hubei, there is a bustling scene. The first construction project of the follow-up project of the South to North Water Diversion Project, the Yangtze River Diversion Project, is accelerating the construction of 21 working faces, and the first hard rock excavation machine "Jianghan Pioneer" has been put into use for excavation. After the completion of the project, the water source of the South to North Water Diversion Middle Route will be more guaranteed. Summer floods and winter droughts, as well as shortages in the north and abundant harvests in the south, are the basic water conditions in China. In order to alleviate the severe shortage of water resources in northern China, the South to North Water Diversion Project was put on the agenda as early as the 1950s.
The main canal of the South to North Water Diversion Middle Route Project located at the junction of Beijing and Hebei
In December 2002, after half a century of research and demonstration, the State Council approved the overall plan for the South to North Water Diversion Project and began implementation. According to the plan, the South to North Water Diversion Project is divided into three routes: east, middle, and west, which respectively divert water from the lower, middle, and upper reaches of the Yangtze River to the northern region, connecting the Yangtze River, Huai River, Yellow River, and Haihe River, forming a water resource allocation pattern of "four horizontal and three vertical, north-south allocation, and east-west mutual assistance" in China.
After more than 10 years of hard work by hundreds of thousands of builders, the first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project was fully connected to water in December 2014. The eastern route starts from Yangzhou, with 13 level pumping stations to lift the Yangtze River water, extending north to Lubei and east to the Jiaodong Peninsula. The central line draws water from the Danjiangkou Reservoir and flows through the Henan Hebei Beijing Tianjin region by gravity throughout the entire process.
danjiangkou dam
Li Yong, Director of the Management Department of the South to North Water Diversion Project of the Ministry of Water Resources, stated that with the first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project as the main framework and artery, billions of cubic meters of water resources are transferred from the south to the north every year, which helps to achieve global optimization of China's water resource allocation pattern and enhances the adaptability of water resource allocation to economic and social development.
A canal of clear water flows northward. Statistics show that in the past 10 years, the first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project has transferred over 76.7 billion cubic meters of water. Water plants, pipelines, and the South to North Water Diversion Project are interwoven within the water receiving area, directly benefiting both urban and rural areas.
Beijing has formed a pattern of water and groundwater diversion from the South China Reservoir and Miyun Reservoir; Tianjin achieves dual water source guarantee of diverting water from the Yangtze River and Luan River; Construct a "one vertical and four horizontal" water supply network system between the central line and four large water conveyance canals in Hebei Province; The East Route and local water in Shandong jointly build a "T" - shaped backbone water network in Shandong... The first phase of the South to North Water Diversion East Route project has profoundly changed the water supply pattern in northern China and optimized the water resource allocation pattern strategically and globally.
Ensuring public drinking water safety: benefiting over 185 million people
Turning on the faucet and watching the clear tap water gurgle out, Feng Ruxiang, the secretary of the Party branch of Qianba Chi Gao Village in Waliwang Town, Botou City, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, was deeply moved. In the past, the water in Qianba Chi Gao Village tasted bitter and astringent, but now everyone no longer has to worry about the unappetizing water. In history, the groundwater in the first eight foot high village had high fluoride content, and was both bitter and salty. At the end of 2020, every household in the first eight foot high village had access to South Water, and the water quality index was on par with that of big cities.
The changes in drinking water for villagers in the first eight foot high village are a microcosm of the improvement of rural drinking water conditions in the Heilonggang River Basin in Hebei Province. The first phase of the South to North Water Diversion Project has enabled over 5 million people in the Heilonggang Basin to bid farewell to the history of drinking high fluoride and brackish water for generations.
Yang Li (left), captain of the drifting team in Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province, and members of the drifting team are conducting drifting operations at the Danjiangkou Reservoir
The endless flow of South China occasionally becomes the "emergency water" for urban and rural residents in the water receiving areas along the route. During the severe drought in Shandong in 2017 and 2018, the eastern route became the main force in ensuring water supply safety in cities such as Qingdao and Yantai; In 2023, the central line will implement high flow water transportation to alleviate the adverse situation of continuous high temperature and drought in the northern region during summer, and ensure the production, living, and ecological water demand along the project route.
The endless flow of South China flows into urban and rural areas, and into thousands of households, transforming more people in the water receiving areas from "having water to drink" to "drinking good water". When it comes to changes in drinking water, Mr. Li, a resident of Fengtai District, Beijing, has a deep feeling. Ten years ago, there was a thick layer of scale on the bottom of a boiling water kettle. Now with the use of Nanshui, there is less scale at the bottom of the pot, and the tea brewed is better.
After the South Water entered Beijing, the hardness of tap water decreased from 300 milligrams per liter to 120 to 130 milligrams per liter, and the quality of tap water improved.
At present, nearly 80% of the water supply in the main urban area of Beijing and the main urban area of Tianjin is from South China. 14 provincial cities in Henan Province and 10 provincial cities in Hebei Province have access to South China.
The water supply area of the first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project continues to extend, and the supporting projects in the water receiving area are constantly improving. The beneficiaries are expanding from large and medium-sized cities to rural areas, with a population of over 185 million.
Restoring the ecological environment of rivers and lakes: A large number of rivers and lakes, such as Yongding River, have regained vitality
As the water source of the South to North Water Diversion Middle Route Project, the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area maintains a water quality of Class II or above throughout the year.
Scenery along the Hutuo River in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province
In the past 10 years, with the construction of the first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project, the ecological and agricultural water that has long been occupied by urban production and life in the northern region has been effectively returned, driving pollution control, river regulation, ecological restoration and other work along the route.
Through the utilization of flood resources during the flood season in the central line, more than 50 rivers in the northern region have been assisted in ecological recovery. A large number of rivers such as Yongding River, Chaobai River, and Hutuo River, which have been dry for many years, have resumed full water flow and regained their beauty of flow. The groundwater level in North China, the world's largest and deepest "funnel zone," has achieved an overall rebound. The area of Baiyangdian Lake, known as the "Pearl of North China," has expanded to nearly 300 square kilometers, reproducing the beautiful scenery of "Lotus Pond, Reed Sea, and Bird Paradise".
Scenery of Weishan Lake Second level Dam Wetland Park in Jining City, Shandong Province, one of the four southern lakes (Weishan Lake, Zhaoyang Lake, Dushan Lake, and Nanyang Lake)
On the eastern route, Jiangsu and Shandong vigorously promote water pollution control and ecological restoration of rivers and lakes along the project line, and multiple main and branch rivers have become beautiful urban landscapes. The former "Soy Sauce Lake" Nansi Lake has entered the ranks of excellent water quality lakes in China.
The relevant person in charge of China South to North Water Diversion Group stated that 426 pollution control projects have been implemented in the East Route Project, and currently the water quality of the East Route has stabilized to meet the Class III standard for surface water; The central line project has established a sound water quality monitoring system, with 13 water quality monitoring stations along the line. Currently, the water quality of the central line is stable and meets or exceeds the Class II standard for surface water.
Smooth North South Economic Circulation: Comprehensive Support for High Quality Development
Over the past 10 years, the first phase of the South to North Water Diversion East Middle Route Project has played an important role in facilitating the north-south economic cycle. Now, it provides strong support for building a unified national market and forming a smooth domestic circulation.
Tourists visit Baiyangdian in Xiong'an New District, Hebei Province
From the South to the North, a bountiful harvest of grain was irrigated along the route. In the spring of 2020, more than 10 million acres of rice fields in northern Jiangsu were unable to plant seedlings due to drought. Jiangsu Province coordinated the first phase of the South to North Water Diversion Project and the Jiangshui North Water Diversion Project to jointly divert water for drought resistance, ensuring a high yield of rice. At the turn of spring and summer in 2024, the first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project diverted emergency water for drought relief, alleviating drought conditions in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui and other areas. The first phase of the East Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project has increased the irrigation guarantee rate of over 45 million acres of farmland in 50 districts and counties of the Huang Huai Hai Plain, greatly improving crop production efficiency.
The cruise ship is sailing on the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal within the urban area of Cangzhou, Hebei Province
South to north has promoted the improvement of industrial quality and efficiency - in the early years, enterprise production relied entirely on extracting groundwater. Now, Nanshui is the lifeline of enterprise development. Changjiang Yanjun from Yongyang Special Steel Power Plant in Handan City, Hebei Province, stated that the local groundwater has a high hardness, which is 5 to 6 times that of Nanshui, and has a significant impact on equipment heat transfer efficiency. Nanshui has a low content of calcium and magnesium ions, which plays an important role in improving the quality of special steel products.
Ten years ago, under the pollution control and pressure mechanism of the South to North Water Diversion Project, the number of highly polluting straw pulp and paper enterprises in the Shandong section of the East Route decreased by 65%. Nowadays, more environmentally friendly new technologies have increased local paper production by 3.5 times and profits and taxes by 4 times.
The first phase of the South to North Water Diversion East Line Project, located in Jiangdu District, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, includes the Salt Transport Sluice, Shaoxiantao Sluice, and Shaoxianzha Cave
The South to North Water Diversion Project has significantly improved the transportation conditions of the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal. The eastern route of the South to North Water Diversion Project has improved the transportation conditions of the Grand Canal, with the Shandong Jining section of the canal connecting to the river and the sea, and the Jiangsu section of the Grand Canal seeing a significant increase in freight volume.
At Hanglonggong Port in Jining Port, Shandong Province, located on the Grand Canal, cargo ships are loading containers
In the new era and new journey, as the main framework and artery of the national water network, the South to North Water Diversion Project is scientifically promoting the operation management and follow-up project planning and construction of the first phase of the East Middle Line Project, improving the overall layout of the South to North Water Diversion Project, ensuring that "a flood of clean water continues to move north", and providing a solid and powerful water resource support and water security guarantee for Chinese path to modernization construction.